Although the United States now leads the world in the number of people infected with Covid-19, Italy remained at the top for several weeks. But why was Italy such a prime target for the Coronavirus to spread so quickly?

1. Tons of Old People

Italy has the sixth longest life expectancy in the entire world, at around 83 years. The median age is 48.5 years old. In 2018, 22.6 percent of its population was 65 or over, among the highest proportions in Europe. Along with a declining birth rate, Italy has more old people and the population isn't 'replacing' itself, i.e. people aren't having enough kids. This leaves Italy's population especially vulnerable to Covid-19, as the disease is more harmful for the older generation.

2. Denser Population

Italy is a densely populated country, with an average density of 531 people per square mile. In comparison, Germany has a population density of 235 people per square mile while the US pales in comparison, with 94 people.

Two thirds of Italy's population lives in urban areas that are even more dense. Rome has 5,800 people per square mile, and Milan pack roughly 19,000 people into every square mile. That's almost twice the density of Berlin and Washington DC.

3. Northern Italy Is A Business Hub

Northern Italy is home to Milan, not only one of the fashion capitals of the world, but the country's financial capital. It has close and educational connections with China. The entire region of North Italy is home to offices for many multinational corporations. Not only does this increase travel to and from Italy, but also increases interactions with people who may have had Covid-19 to the natives.

4. The Italian Healthcare System Is Underfunded

Italy's current national health service, known as Servizio Sanitario Nazionale (SSN), provides free universal care to patients yet remains under-funded. Investments in public healthcare make up only 6.8% of the country's gross domestic product (GDP), which is lower than other countries in the European Union including France and Germany. Although the Italian government did an amazing job at treating their patients, they were short staffed and under prepared at the beginning which is why cases in Italy grew exponentially.