Most people have heard of liver problems like hepatitis and cirrhosis, but primary biliary cholangitis (or PBC) isn't nearly as well-known. PBC is a chronic liver disorder that results from damage to the bile ducts in your liver, which then causes a buildup of bile and reduces the organ's ability to function over time. This is typically a slow, gradual process; though, when left untreated, PBC can lead to cirrhosis (the scarring of the entire liver) and eventual organ failure.

Though it's unknown exactly what causes primary biliary cholangitis, research suggests that it may be linked to immune system problems like pernicious anemia and thyroid issues. Other possible risk factors include a history of urinary tract infections, a history of smoking, exposure to toxic chemicals, and a family history of the disease. In addition, PBC is most common in North America and Europe, among people ages 30 to 60.